ISS Expedition 69

SpaceX Crew-6 — A Historic 6-Month Mission

Mission Overview

A 186-day journey aboard the International Space Station that made history for the UAE and the Arab world.

Sultan Al Neyadi launched to the International Space Station on March 2, 2023, as part of NASA's SpaceX Crew-6 mission. Serving as a Mission Specialist, he became the first Arab astronaut to spend a long-duration mission aboard the ISS, living and working in microgravity for 186 days. During his time on Expedition 69, Al Neyadi conducted over 200 scientific experiments spanning biology, materials science, fluid physics, and human physiology, while also performing the first-ever spacewalk by an Arab astronaut. His mission represented a monumental milestone for the UAE's Mohammed Bin Rashid Space Centre (MBRSC) and cemented the nation's role as a serious contributor to human spaceflight.

March 2, 2023
Launch Date
September 4, 2023
Return Date
186 Days
Duration
Dragon Endeavour
Spacecraft

SpaceX Crew-6 Launch

Lifting off from the historic Kennedy Space Center aboard a Falcon 9 rocket.

On March 2, 2023, at 12:34 AM EST, the SpaceX Crew-6 mission launched from Launch Complex 39A (LC-39A) at NASA's Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The crew was carried aboard the Dragon Endeavour spacecraft, propelled into orbit by a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket. LC-39A is one of the most storied launch pads in history, having served as the departure point for the Apollo 11 Moon landing and numerous Space Shuttle missions.

The Falcon 9 first-stage booster, designated B1078, successfully landed on the autonomous drone ship "Just Read the Instructions" in the Atlantic Ocean following stage separation. The Dragon Endeavour capsule then performed a series of orbital manoeuvres over approximately 25 hours before autonomously docking with the forward port of the ISS Harmony module on March 3, 2023, at 1:40 AM EST.

Stephen Bowen

Commander
NASA

Warren Hoburg

Pilot
NASA

Sultan Al Neyadi

Mission Specialist
MBRSC / UAE

Andrey Fedyaev

Mission Specialist
Roscosmos

Mission Timeline

Key milestones from launch to splashdown.

March 2, 2023
Launch from Kennedy Space Center
SpaceX Crew-6 lifts off from LC-39A at 12:34 AM EST aboard a Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket, carrying four crew members to the International Space Station.
March 3, 2023
Docking with the ISS
Dragon Endeavour autonomously docks with the forward port of the Harmony module at 1:40 AM EST after a 25-hour transit, beginning Expedition 69.
March – September 2023
Scientific Experiments & Operations
Over six months, Al Neyadi participated in more than 200 scientific experiments covering fluid physics, human physiology, biology, and materials science research in microgravity.
April 28, 2023
Historic EVA (Spacewalk) — 7 Hours 1 Minute
Sultan Al Neyadi and Stephen Bowen conducted a 7-hour, 1-minute spacewalk outside the ISS, making Al Neyadi the first Arab astronaut to perform an EVA. They worked on upgrading the station's power systems.
Ongoing
Educational Outreach from Space
Throughout his stay, Al Neyadi engaged in live calls with students across the UAE and Arab world, conducted demonstrations of science in microgravity, and shared daily life aboard the ISS via social media.
September 4, 2023
Undocking & Return to Earth
Dragon Endeavour undocked from the ISS, beginning the crew's journey home after 186 days in orbit.
September 4, 2023
Splashdown off Florida Coast
The capsule splashed down safely in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Jacksonville, Florida, concluding one of the most significant missions in UAE space history.

The Historic Spacewalk

The first extravehicular activity performed by an Arab astronaut in the history of human spaceflight.

 EVA Details

Duration 7 Hours 1 Minute
Date April 28, 2023
EVA Partner Stephen Bowen
Spacesuit EMU (Extravehicular Mobility Unit)
Orbit Altitude ~408 km
Milestone First Arab Spacewalker

Tasks Performed During EVA

  • Replaced a communications antenna on the ISS truss structure
  • Installed hardware for upcoming solar array upgrades (iROSA)
  • Removed and stowed equipment and tools for future EVA operations
  • Routed cables for the station's electrical power system improvements
  • Inspected exterior surfaces for micrometeorite damage

Significance for the Arab World

Sultan Al Neyadi's spacewalk was a watershed moment for the Arab and Muslim world. The EVA demonstrated that UAE astronauts are not merely passengers but fully trained operational crew members capable of performing the most demanding and dangerous tasks in human spaceflight. It inspired millions across the Middle East and beyond, proving that with investment, education, and determination, any nation can participate at the highest levels of space exploration. The spacewalk was broadcast live and watched by millions, with celebrations held across the UAE.

Technical Breakdown

Spacecraft specifications and daily life aboard the International Space Station.

Spacecraft Details

  • Capsule: SpaceX Dragon Endeavour (C206) — a reusable crew capsule previously flown on Crew-2 and Axiom-1
  • Launch Vehicle: Falcon 9 Block 5 (booster B1078) — SpaceX's workhorse two-stage orbital rocket
  • Launch Mass: Approximately 12,519 kg (capsule + trunk)
  • Orbit Altitude: 408 km above Earth's surface in low-Earth orbit
  • Orbital Inclination: 51.6 degrees, enabling coverage of populated regions for scientific observation
  • Orbital Period: Approximately 92 minutes per orbit, resulting in 16 sunrises per day
  • Docking Port: Forward port on the ISS Harmony module (Node 2)

ISS Operations

  • Daily Schedule: Crew members follow a structured 16-hour work day with 8.5 hours of sleep, 6.5 hours of work, 2 hours of exercise, and time for meals and personal activities
  • Exercise Regime: Two hours of daily exercise on the COLBERT treadmill, CEVIS cycle ergometer, and ARED resistive exercise device to counteract muscle and bone loss
  • Communication: Near-continuous contact with Mission Control via S-band and Ku-band antennas, plus TDRS (Tracking and Data Relay Satellite) network
  • Equipment Maintenance: Regular upkeep of life support systems including water recycling (WRS), oxygen generation (OGS), and carbon dioxide removal (CDRA)
  • Food & Nutrition: Pre-packaged meals supplemented by fresh food deliveries from cargo resupply missions; Al Neyadi also prepared traditional Arabic meals
  • Photography: Capturing Earth observation images using Nikon DSLR cameras through the Cupola observatory module

Real-World Impact

How this historic mission advanced science, collaboration, and aspiration.

UAE's Space Capabilities

Demonstrated the UAE's readiness for long-duration human spaceflight, establishing the nation as a key partner in the international space community and advancing MBRSC's astronaut programme.

International Collaboration

Strengthened partnerships between the UAE, NASA, SpaceX, and international space agencies, paving the way for future joint missions and scientific cooperation on the ISS and beyond.

Scientific Knowledge

Contributed over 200 microgravity experiments to the global body of scientific research, generating data in fields from cancer cell growth to fluid dynamics that benefits life on Earth.

Arab World's Space Ambitions

Inspired an entire generation across the Arab world to pursue careers in STEM and space science, proving that ambitious national programmes can achieve extraordinary milestones within a decade.